Raspberry Pi 4 temperature

[Iryab]

I have a 4GB Raspberry Pi 4 with the official case and at idle the temperature is over 80 degrees.

Code: Select all

$ sudo vcgencmd measure_temp
temp=81.0'C
$ uptime
 04:44:05 up 19 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.02, 0.05

I assume there's something wrong because it can't be expected that the CPU is hot enough to throttle the clock speed at idle.

[jdb]

- Please post the contents of config.txt
- What is the output of "vcgencmd measure_volts"?
- What display(s) do you have plugged in?

[Iryab]

The Pi is headless - I have no displays connected.

Code: Select all

$ sudo vcgencmd measure_volts
volt=0.8437V

config.txt contains:

Code: Select all

$ cat /boot/config.txt
# For more options and information see 
# http://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/config-txt.md
# Some settings may impact device functionality. See link above for details

# uncomment if you get no picture on HDMI for a default "safe" mode
#hdmi_safe=1

# uncomment this if your display has a black border of unused pixels visible
# and your display can output without overscan
disable_overscan=1

# uncomment the following to adjust overscan. Use positive numbers if console
# goes off screen, and negative if there is too much border
#overscan_left=16
#overscan_right=16
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16

# uncomment to force a console size. By default it will be display's size minus
# overscan.
#framebuffer_width=1280
#framebuffer_height=720

# uncomment if hdmi display is not detected and composite is being output
hdmi_force_hotplug=0

# uncomment to force a specific HDMI mode (this will force VGA)
#hdmi_group=1
#hdmi_mode=1

# uncomment to force a HDMI mode rather than DVI. This can make audio work in
# DMT (computer monitor) modes
#hdmi_drive=2

# uncomment to increase signal to HDMI, if you have interference, blanking, or
# no display
#config_hdmi_boost=4

# uncomment for composite PAL
#sdtv_mode=2

#uncomment to overclock the arm. 700 MHz is the default.
#arm_freq=800

dtparam=audio=on

## added for vc4 driver
#mask_gpu_interrupt0=0x400
#avoid_warnings=2
#dtparam=spi=on
#gpu_mem=64
#dtoverlay=vc4-kms-v3d

[jamesh]

The Pi is headless - I have no displays connected.

Code: Select all

$ sudo vcgencmd measure_volts
volt=0.8437V

config.txt contains:

Code: Select all

$ cat /boot/config.txt
# For more options and information see 
# http://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/config-txt.md
# Some settings may impact device functionality. See link above for details

# uncomment if you get no picture on HDMI for a default "safe" mode
#hdmi_safe=1

# uncomment this if your display has a black border of unused pixels visible
# and your display can output without overscan
disable_overscan=1

# uncomment the following to adjust overscan. Use positive numbers if console
# goes off screen, and negative if there is too much border
#overscan_left=16
#overscan_right=16
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16

# uncomment to force a console size. By default it will be display's size minus
# overscan.
#framebuffer_width=1280
#framebuffer_height=720

# uncomment if hdmi display is not detected and composite is being output
hdmi_force_hotplug=0

# uncomment to force a specific HDMI mode (this will force VGA)
#hdmi_group=1
#hdmi_mode=1

# uncomment to force a HDMI mode rather than DVI. This can make audio work in
# DMT (computer monitor) modes
#hdmi_drive=2

# uncomment to increase signal to HDMI, if you have interference, blanking, or
# no display
#config_hdmi_boost=4

# uncomment for composite PAL
#sdtv_mode=2

#uncomment to overclock the arm. 700 MHz is the default.
#arm_freq=800

dtparam=audio=on

## added for vc4 driver
#mask_gpu_interrupt0=0x400
#avoid_warnings=2
#dtparam=spi=on
#gpu_mem=64
#dtoverlay=vc4-kms-v3d

Is that an upgrade Stretch rather than a new Buster install?

[Iryab]

Is that an upgrade Stretch rather than a new Buster install?

Yes. It originated as a Wheezy install which has been upgraded over the years.

[jamesh]

Is that an upgrade Stretch rather than a new Buster install?

Yes. It originated as a Wheezy install which has been upgraded over the years.

It might be worth trying a new install on a new SD card to see if the problem persists. I suspect it will, but worth a go.

[MrEngman]

Got my Pi 4 4GB this morning. It is using OS Raspbian Lite and I'm connected by SSH.

I was surprised somewhat with the temperature which is showing 61c as it is just sitting idle. Connected to my network via LAN cable and 5G wifi.

Output from command top shows

Code: Select all

top - 15:57:46 up  3:29,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.10, 0.16
Tasks: 106 total,   1 running, 105 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.1 us,  0.1 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.8 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :   3906.0 total,   3356.9 free,     91.6 used,    457.5 buff/cache
MiB Swap:    100.0 total,    100.0 free,      0.0 used.   3677.4 avail Mem

so pretty much doing nothing.

All other Pi's, 3B+, 3A+, 2B showing around about 35-45c.


MrEngman

[martinrowan]

I'm sure one day I'll regret being an early adopter, especially after the issues with the PoE HAT. Anyway, I bought the Pi4 Starter Kit from PiHut and set it up to take it for a spin, after a few mins I saw a temperature warning flashing on the right of my screen.

Setup: Pi 4, Official Pi4 Case, Official UK USB C Power Supply and the supplied SanDisk SD card running Buster.
Display: Acer X34 @ 3440x1440

Code: Select all

Linux raspberrypi 4.19.50-v7l+ #895 SMP Thu Jun 20 16:03:42 BST 2019 armv7l GNU/Linux

Code: Select all

sudo vcgencmd measure_volts
volt=0.9333V

Room ambient temperature: 22 DegC
System idle: 21:09:14 up 17 min, 4 users, load average: 0.03, 0.03, 0.03

Code: Select all

vcgencmd measure_temp
temp=74.0'C

Open up Chromium and navigate to a website: bbc.co.uk, Engadget.com etc.
21:20:30 up 28 min, 4 users, load average: 1.60, 0.68, 0.34

Code: Select all

vcgencmd measure_temp
temp=82.0'C

Try and watch YouTube and it's jerky and temp gets to 86 DegC. Remove the top of the case and temperatures are ~79-80 with temp warning still triggering.

Disabling 4K HDMI support does appear to drop the temperature a tiny amount, with temps with YouTube staying to 80-81 with the top cover back in place.

Config.txt:

Code: Select all

# For more options and information see
# http://rpf.io/configtxt
# Some settings may impact device functionality. See link above for details

# uncomment if you get no picture on HDMI for a default "safe" mode
#hdmi_safe=1

# uncomment this if your display has a black border of unused pixels visible
# and your display can output without overscan
#disable_overscan=1

# uncomment the following to adjust overscan. Use positive numbers if console
# goes off screen, and negative if there is too much border
#overscan_left=16
#overscan_right=16
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16

# uncomment to force a console size. By default it will be display's size minus
# overscan.
#framebuffer_width=1280
#framebuffer_height=720

# uncomment if hdmi display is not detected and composite is being output
#hdmi_force_hotplug=1

# uncomment to force a specific HDMI mode (this will force VGA)
#hdmi_group=1
#hdmi_mode=1

# uncomment to force a HDMI mode rather than DVI. This can make audio work in
# DMT (computer monitor) modes
#hdmi_drive=2

# uncomment to increase signal to HDMI, if you have interference, blanking, or
# no display
#config_hdmi_boost=4

# uncomment for composite PAL
#sdtv_mode=2

#uncomment to overclock the arm. 700 MHz is the default.
#arm_freq=800

# Uncomment some or all of these to enable the optional hardware interfaces
#dtparam=i2c_arm=on
#dtparam=i2s=on
#dtparam=spi=on

# Uncomment this to enable the lirc-rpi module
#dtoverlay=lirc-rpi

# Additional overlays and parameters are documented /boot/overlays/README

# Enable audio (loads snd_bcm2835)
dtparam=audio=on

[pi4]
# Enable DRM VC4 V3D driver on top of the dispmanx display stack
dtoverlay=vc4-fkms-v3d
max_framebuffers=2

[all]
#dtoverlay=vc4-fkms-v3d

# NOOBS Auto-generated Settings:
hdmi_force_hotplug=1
hdmi_enable_4k=1

[PeterO]

Just another data point for comparison.
Pi4B in a PiBow Coupe case, sitting idle at 63.0°C
PeterO

[martinrowan]

The new case is fully enclosed, without the removable side panels. I can't seem to find my official Pi3 case to compare, have ordered one so I can pop my Pi3B+ in the previous generation case, run the latest Buster image and see what happens.

Hopefully if it is just the case, it can be figured out before they release the "Raspberry Pi 4 Desktop Kit"

@PeterO, do you have a temperature reference for a Pi3b+ in a similar Coupe case?

[PeterO]

@PeterO, do you have a temperature reference for a Pi3b+ in a similar Coupe case?

I can have one tomorrow.
PeterO

[b3lt3r]

Ref point - Pi 4, 4gb, no case - VLC playing 1080p video and browser open on bbc.co.uk - 68 degrees

[jdb]

If you're running headless, please remove hdmi_enable_4k from config.txt and report back with temperatures and voltages.

[jahboater]

Pi4/4GB out of case and mounted vertically for best convection, 20C ambient.
51C at idle
73-75C with huge, long running, software build on all cores
81C (throttling) running cpuburn (a nasty stress test).

Looks like I might just get away without a heat sink.

The official PSU runs very warm compared to the old one. It is smaller.

[energyi]

Light duty web, No case, horizontal Rpi4 1G version 57 C and 56.5 C:

Code: Select all

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ vcgencmd measure_temp
temp=57.0'C
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp
56478

[PeterO]

@PeterO, do you have a temperature reference for a Pi3b+ in a similar Coupe case?

I can have one tomorrow.
PeterO

Just remembered about this.
3B+ in a Pibow Coupé running fresh buster install idles at 50°C
PeterO

[martinrowan]

Wow Peter, so Pi3 B+ ~ 50°C, Pi4 ~ 63 °C in similar cases, heck of a jump.
I have Pi3 Official Case and a USB-C power meter arriving tomorrow. So will look at temperatures and current draw between the two.

If this sort of jump is the norm for the Pi4, the new fully enclosed official case for the Pi4 could need a bit of a rethink, IMHO. Time will tell.

[richieeee]

If this sort of jump is the norm for the Pi4, the new fully enclosed official case for the Pi4 could need a bit of a rethink, IMHO. Time will tell.

The case doesn't seem that clever. I get to 80c with youtube playing, then 65c at idle, with the lid off! It could do with some holes drilled in the lid.

[ndrw]

With the case cover on and usb3 memory stick plugged in, it idles at >75C. Any activity pushes the temperature over 80C and the SoC starts throttling, which is very noticeable, e.g. when scrolling a page in a web browser. Without the case cover and usb3 stick, idle temperatures are around 10C lower, which is still rather high.

Not quite sure what to do with the case, at the moment it is pretty useless. Looks like Raspberry Pi 4 will require a good heatsink or a fan to sustain the initial CPU performance.

Is there anything we can do to lower the power consumption in software? Disabling 3D graphics stack perhaps?

[jcsbanks]

53C here, room 24C. 4GB, 4K at 60Hz. Raspbian. Playing YouTube and browsing, CPU usage 100% for several minutes until temp stable. Pibow coupe case with heatsink and I added a tiny 12V fan undervolted to 5V. Unplugging the fan: 72C.

Idle 43C with heatsink & fan, with heatsink only 68C.

With moderate but not 100% use, the heatsink without fan is only comfortable to touch for 1 second.

The fan feels like it is moving little air but makes a huge difference.

[jamesh]

The PI4 will run hotter - although its on a smaller process, it has much more powerful ARM cores, plus the HDMI output at 4kp60 adds quite a bit of heat. The ethernet is now on the main SoC also, that is another source of heat that wasn't there before. All in all, more performance requires more power requires more heat output.

We are still looking in to clock improvements to reduce heat load, its amazing how much reducing a clock where possible can reduce the overall temperature, it's a matter of finding settings that mean everything still works.

So, don't use hdmi_enable_4k=1 unless using 4kp60, that can make quite a difference.

[maxt3r]

Running hot here, too..

Ambient temperature 28C (hot days in Cambridge UK)
Pi4 with 1080p output HDMI (4k disabled), in original case but without top lid, fresh buster install, WiFi network.
Idle temperature is 70C (cpu usage near 0%, load average 0.9 0.25 0.14).

when in use (1080p youtube 60% cpu usage) temperature reaches 80C

After 2 minutes of full use (running motion back end that processes feeds from two network cameras), temperature skyrockets to 92C.

My Pi2B in similar conditions was around 60C most of the time

I'm considering undervolting the CPU but the long term solution will probably be a heatsink+fan

[ndrw]

How to undervolt the SoC and reduce clock frequencies?

[Imperf3kt]

How to undervolt the SoC and reduce clock frequencies?

Same as with previous model Pi, overclock the Pi in reverse, add to config.txt
over_voltage = -1
Should reduce voltage by about 0.05v

Don't forget to drop the CPU frequency.

[cros13]

I've got 60C idle after 30 mins uptime. No case.
Ambient room temp is 26.5C though.